General
Abbreviations
Published 5 March 2014; Revised 28 November 2015
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Literary and
Grammatical Abbreviations
1p-pl. |
first person plural |
Lat. |
Latin |
1p-sing. |
first person singular |
lit. |
literally |
2p-pl. |
second person plural |
LXX |
Septuagint |
2p-sing. |
second person singular |
masc. |
masculine |
3p-pl. |
third person plural |
mid. |
middle |
3p-sing. |
third person singular |
MS/MSS |
manuscript/manuscripts |
acc. |
accusative |
misc. |
miscellaneous |
act. |
active |
Mt. |
mount(ain) |
AD/A.D. |
Latin Anno Domini, meaning “in the year of our Lord” |
narr. |
narrative |
adj. |
adjective |
nd |
no
date given |
ad.
loc. |
Latin ad locum, meaning “to, or at, the (same) place” |
neg. |
negative |
aor. |
aorist |
nom. |
nominative |
adv. |
adverb |
obj. |
object/objective |
Aram. |
Aramaic |
opt. |
optative |
BC/B.C. |
Before Christ. See A.D. |
op.
cit. |
Latin opere citato, "in the work cited" |
BCE/B.C.E. |
Before Common (or Christian) Era |
org. |
original |
ca. |
Latin circa, meaning "about" |
p./pp. |
page
(s) |
Cal. |
Calendar |
part./ptc. |
participle |
CE/C.E. |
Common (or Christian) Era |
pass. |
passive |
cent. |
century |
perf. |
perfect |
cf. |
Latin confer (compare) |
pers. |
person/personal |
conj. |
conjunction |
pl. |
plural |
dat. |
dative |
plperf. |
pluperfect |
dem. |
demonstrative |
prep. |
preposition |
ed. |
edition |
pres. |
present |
e.g. |
Latin exempli gratia, "for example" |
pron. |
pronoun |
esp. |
especially |
q.v. |
Latin quod vide, "which see" |
f/ff |
and
the following verse(s) |
rel. |
relative |
fem. |
feminine |
refl. |
reflexive |
fig. |
figuratively |
sing. |
singular |
fut. |
future |
subj. |
subjunctive |
gen. |
genitive |
suf. |
suffix |
Grk. |
Greek |
superl. |
superlative |
ibid. |
Latin ibidem, "in the same place" |
synon. |
synonymous |
i.e. |
Latin id est, meaning "that is" |
trans. |
transitive |
imp. |
imperative |
t.t. |
technical term |
Heb. |
Hebrew |
temp. |
temporal |
impf. |
imperfect |
v./vv. |
verse/verses |
indef. |
indefinite |
voc. |
vocative |
ind. |
indicative |
Vulg. |
Vulgate |
instr. |
instransitive |
|
|
interrog. |
interrogative |
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Books of the Bible
Abbreviations
Tanakh (Old
Testament) |
1Chr |
1 Chronicles |
Job |
Job |
1Kgs |
1 Kings |
Joel |
Joel |
1Sam |
1 Samuel |
Jon |
Jonah |
2Chr |
2 Chronicles |
Josh |
Joshua |
2Kgs |
2 Kings |
Judg/Jdg |
Judges |
2Sam |
2 Samuel |
Lam |
Lamentations |
Amos |
Amos |
Lev |
Leviticus |
Dan |
Daniel |
Mal |
Malachi |
Deut |
Deuteronomy |
Mic |
Micah |
Eccl |
Ecclesiastes |
Nah |
Nahum |
Esth |
Esther |
Neh |
Nehemiah |
Ex |
Exodus |
Num |
Numbers |
Ezek |
Ezekiel |
Ob |
Obadiah |
Ezra/Ez |
Ezra |
Prov |
Proverbs |
Gen |
Genesis |
Ps |
Psalm |
Hab |
Habakkuk |
Ruth/Rth |
Ruth |
Hag |
Haggai |
SS |
Song of Solomon |
Hos |
Hosea |
Zeph |
Zephaniah |
Isa |
Isaiah |
Zech |
Zechariah |
Jer |
Jeremiah |
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|
|
|
|
|
Besekh (New
Testament) |
1Cor |
1 Corinthians |
Gal |
Galatians |
1Jn |
1 John |
Heb |
Hebrews |
1Pet |
1 Peter |
Jas |
James (Jacob) |
1Th/1Thess |
1 Thessalonians |
Jn/John |
John |
1Tim |
1 Timothy |
Jude |
Jude (Judah) |
2Cor |
2 Corinthians |
Lk/Luke |
Luke |
2Jn |
2 John |
Mk/Mark |
Mark |
2Pet |
2 Peter |
Mt/Matt |
Matthew |
2Th/2Thess |
2 Thessalonians |
Phil/Php |
Philippians |
2Tim |
2 Timothy |
Phm |
Philemon |
3Jn |
3 John |
Rev |
Revelation |
Acts |
Acts |
Rom |
Romans |
Col |
Colossians |
Titus |
Titus |
Eph |
Ephesians |
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Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha
1 Esd. |
1 Esdras (Apocrypha) |
1 Macc. |
1 Maccabees (Apocrypha) |
2 Esd. |
2 Esdras or 4th Ezra, or Apocalypse of Ezra |
2 Macc. |
2 Maccabees (Apocrypha) |
3 Macc. |
3 Maccabees (Apocrypha) |
4 Macc. |
4 Maccabees (Apocrypha) |
Ad. Dan. |
Additions to Daniel (Apocrypha) |
Ad. Esth. |
Additions to Esther (Apocrypha) |
Ant. |
Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews |
Aristeas |
The Letter of Aristeas |
Ass. Mos. |
Assumption of Moses |
Bar. |
Baruch (Apocrypha) |
Bel |
Bel and the Dragon (Apocrypha) |
Enoch |
Ethiopic Book of Enoch or 1 Enoch |
Jdth. |
Judith (Apocrypha) |
Jub. |
The Book of Jubilees |
Let Jer. |
The Letter of Jeremiah |
Pr. Az. |
The Prayer of Azariah and the Song of the Three
(Apocrypha) |
Pr Man. |
The Prayer of Manasseh (Apocrypha) |
Pss. Sol. |
Psalms of Solomon |
Ps. 151 |
Psalm 151 (Apocrypha) |
Sib. |
The Sibylline Oracles |
Sir. |
Sirach (Apocrypha) |
Sus |
Susanna |
Test. XII |
Testament of the Twelve Patriarchs |
Tob |
Tobit (Apocrypha) |
Wars |
Josephus, Wars of the Jews |
Wis./Wsd. |
The Wisdom of Solomon (Apocrypha) |
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